Pamene anthu okalamba akuchulukirachulukira, zinthu zothandizira kuyenda zopanda zopinga zalowa m'miyoyo ya okalamba ambiri, ndipomipando ya olumala yamagetsizakhalanso mtundu watsopano wa mayendedwe womwe ndi wofala kwambiri pamsewu.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya mipando yamagetsi, ndipo mitengo yake imayambira pa yuan yoposa 1,000 mpaka 10,000. Pakadali pano, pali mitundu yoposa 100 ya mipando pamsika, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, zipangizo, ndi mtundu.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mpando wamagetsi woyenera kwa inu, momwe mungapewere njira zodutsira pogula mipando yamagetsi, komanso kuti musagwere mu "dzenje"?

Choyamba, phunzirani za mipando ya olumala yamagetsi.

Gulu la 01 la mipando ya olumala yamagetsi

Gulu 1: Chipupa cha Magudumu Chamagetsi Chamkati

Liwiro limafunika kulamulidwa pa 4.5km/h. Kawirikawiri, kukula kwa mtundu uwu ndi kochepa ndipo mphamvu ya mota ndi yochepa, zomwe zimatsimikiziranso kuti moyo wa batri wa mtundu uwu sudzakhala wautali kwambiri. Wogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amamaliza moyo wake watsiku ndi tsiku payekha m'nyumba. Mu dzina la mtundu wa chinthucho, chimaimiridwa ndi chilembo chachikulu N.

Gulu lachiwiri: mpando wa olumala wamagetsi wakunja

Liwiro limafunika kuti lizilamuliridwa pa 6km/h. Voliyumu yonse ya mtundu uwu ndi yayikulu, kapangidwe ka thupi ndi kokulirapo kuposa mtundu woyamba, mphamvu ya batri nayonso ndi yayikulu, ndipo moyo wa batri ndi wautali. Mu dzina la mtundu wa chinthucho, chikuyimiridwa ndi chilembo chachikulu W.

Gulu lachitatu:chikuku chamagetsi chamtundu wa msewu

Liwiro lake ndi lachangu kwambiri, ndipo liwiro lalikulu kwambiri limafunika kuti lisapitirire 15km/h. Nthawi zambiri mota imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, ndipo matayala ake amakhuthala komanso kukula. Nthawi zambiri, magalimoto otere amakhala ndi magetsi akunja ndi zizindikiro zowongolera kuti atsimikizire kuti kuyendetsa pamsewu kuli kotetezeka. M'dzina la mtundu wa chinthucho, chimayimiridwa ndi chilembo chachikulu L mu Chitchaina Pinyin.

Pa Disembala 31, 2012, China idatulutsa muyezo wadziko lonse wa GB/T12996-2012 pa mipando yamagetsi yamagetsi. Pa mipando yamagetsi yamagetsi yamkati, yakunja ndi ya pamsewu, mayina amitundu, zofunikira pamwamba, zofunikira pakupanga, kukula ndi zofunikira pakugwira ntchito, zofunikira pamphamvu, kuchedwa kwa moto, nyengo, zofunikira pamagetsi ndi makina owongolera komanso njira zoyesera zofananira ndi malamulo owunikira, zolemba ndi kutulutsidwa kwa chidziwitso, zofunikira pakulemba ndi kulongedza mipando yamagetsi zonse zafotokozedwa ndikufunika.

Ogula ambiri sadziwa zambiri zokhudza njinga yamagetsi, chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chipangizo chachipatala, ndipo amangoweruza ubwino wake pongoyang'ana mawonekedwe kapena kuchuluka kwa malonda a nsanja ya e-commerce mpaka atayitanitsa. Komabe, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amapeza malo ambiri osakwanira akalandira katunduyo.

Anthu ambiri akagula njinga yawo yoyamba yamagetsi, nthawi zambiri amayamba ndi kunyamulika, ndipo amaganizira kupepuka, kupindika, ndi kusungiramo katundu m'bokosi, ndi zina zotero, ndipo saganizira za vutoli malinga ndi zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku za ogwiritsa ntchito.

Chitonthozo, mphamvu, moyo wa batri wa njinga yamagetsi, komanso kukhazikika ndi kulamulira kwa makina onse agalimoto, nthawi zambiri zimakhala miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake, pambuyo pa nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito, banja limalandira ndemanga.

Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri adzaganiziranso zogula mipando yamagetsi ya olumala kachiwiri. Pambuyo pa chochitika choyamba, amatha kumvetsetsa bwino zosowa zawo ndikupeza mipando yamagetsi ya olumala yomwe ili yoyenera kwa iwo. Zambiri mwa zomwe amagula chachiwiri ndi za panja. zokhala ndi mtundu wa msewu.

02 Kapangidwe ka mpando wa olumala wamagetsi

Chikwama chamagetsi chimapangidwa makamaka ndi zigawo zotsatirazi: chimango chachikulu, chowongolera, mota, batire, ndi zina zowonjezera monga chosungira kumbuyo kwa mpando.

Kenako, tiyeni tiwone gawo lililonse la zowonjezera ~

1. Chimango chachikulu

Chimango chachikulu chimatsimikizira kapangidwe ka nyumba, m'lifupi mwakunja, m'lifupi mwa mpando, kutalika kwakunja, kutalika kwa malo opumulira kumbuyo ndi ntchito ya mpando wa olumala wamagetsi.

Zipangizozi zitha kugawidwa m'zigawo monga chitoliro chachitsulo, aluminiyamu, aloyi ya titaniyamu ya ndege, ndipo mitundu ina yapamwamba imayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za ulusi wa kaboni. Zipangizo zambiri zomwe zimapezeka pamsika ndi mapaipi achitsulo ndi aluminiyamu.

Mtengo wa chitoliro chachitsulo ndi wotsika, ndipo mphamvu yake yonyamula katundu si yoipa. Vuto lake ndilakuti ndi lalikulu, losavuta kuchita dzimbiri komanso lopanda dzimbiri m'madzi ndi m'malo onyowa, ndipo limakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yogwirira ntchito.

Ma wheelchairs ambiri amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu, omwe ndi opepuka kuposa mapaipi achitsulo ndipo amalimbana ndi dzimbiri kwambiri.

Mphamvu ya zinthu, kupepuka, komanso kukana dzimbiri kwa titaniyamu ya ndege ndikwabwino kuposa ziwiri zoyambirira. Komabe, chifukwa cha mtengo wa zinthuzo, pakadali pano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magudumu amagetsi apamwamba komanso onyamulika, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo.

Kuwonjezera pa zinthu zomwe zili mu chimango chachikulu, tsatanetsatane wa zigawo zina za thupi la galimoto ndi njira yowotcherera ziyeneranso kuwonedwa, monga: zipangizo zonse zowonjezera, makulidwe a zinthu, kaya tsatanetsatane wake ndi wovuta, kaya mfundo zowotcherera zili zofanana, ndipo mfundo zowotcherera zikakonzedwa bwino, zimakhala bwino. Malamulo okonzera ofanana ndi mamba a nsomba ndi abwino kwambiri, amatchedwanso kuwotcherera mamba a nsomba m'makampani, ndipo njirayi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri. Ngati gawo lowotcherera silili lofanana kapena pali kutuluka kwa kuwotcherera, pang'onopang'ono kumawoneka ngati ngozi yachitetezo pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi.

Njira yowotcherera ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yowonera ngati chinthu chapangidwa ndi fakitale yayikulu, ngati chili chodalirika komanso chodalirika, komanso ngati chikupanga zinthu zapamwamba komanso zochulukirapo.

2. Wolamulira

Chowongolera ndiye gawo lalikulu la chikuku chamagetsi, monga momwe chiwongolero cha galimoto chimakhalira, khalidwe lake limatsimikizira mwachindunji kusinthasintha ndi moyo wautumiki wa chikuku chamagetsi. Chowongolera nthawi zambiri chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: chowongolera chapamwamba ndi chowongolera chapansi.

Ma controller ambiri ochokera kunja amapangidwa ndi ma controller apamwamba ndi otsika, ndipo ma brand ambiri am'dziko amakhala ndi ma controller apamwamba okha. Ma brand olamulira ochokera kunja omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Dynamic Controls ndi PG Drives Technology. Ubwino wa zinthu zochokera kunja ndi wabwino kuposa wa zinthu zam'nyumba, ndipo mtengo ndi mtengo wake nazonso ndi wokwera. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mipando yamagetsi yapakatikati komanso yapamwamba.

Kuti mungoyang'ana khalidwe la wolamulira, mutha kuyesa ntchito ziwiri zotsatirazi:

1) Yatsani switch yamagetsi, kanikizani chowongolera, ndipo mumve ngati chiyambi chili bwino; masulani chowongolera, ndipo mumve ngati galimoto yaima nthawi yomweyo mutayima mwadzidzidzi.

2) Yang'anirani galimoto yozungulira nthawi yomweyo ndipomukumva ngatiChiwongolerocho ndi chosalala komanso chosinthasintha.

3. Mota

Ichi ndiye gawo lalikulu la dalaivala. Malinga ndi njira yotumizira mphamvu, imagawidwa kwambiri m'magulu awiri: brush motor (yomwe imatchedwanso worm gear motor) ndi brushless motor (yomwe imatchedwanso hub motor), ndipo palinso crawler motor (yofanana ndi thirakitala m'zaka zoyambirira, yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba).

Ubwino wa mota yopukutidwa (mota ya turbine worm) ndikuti mphamvu yake ndi yayikulu, mphamvu yake ndi yayikulu, ndipo mphamvu yake ndi yamphamvu. N'zosavuta kukwera mapiri ang'onoang'ono, ndipo poyambira ndi poyimitsa zimakhala zokhazikika. Choyipa chake ndichakuti mphamvu yosinthira batire ndi yotsika, ndiko kuti, ndi yokwera mtengo, kotero njinga ya olumala yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mota iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi batire yayikulu. Kulemera kwa galimoto yonse yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mota iyi ndi pafupifupi 50-200 catties.

Ubwino wa mota yopanda burashi (wheel hub motor) ndi kusunga mphamvu komanso mphamvu zambiri zosinthira magetsi. Batire yokhala ndi mota iyi siyenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri, zomwe zimachepetsa kulemera kwa galimotoyo. Galimoto yambiri yogwiritsa ntchito mota iyi imalemera pafupifupi mapaundi 25.

Mphamvu yotumizira injini ya crawler ndi yayitali kwambiri, ndi yokwera mtengo, mphamvu yake ndi yofooka, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika. Pakadali pano, opanga ochepa okha ndi omwe akugwiritsa ntchito injini iyi.

4. Batri

Ndizodziwika bwino kuti pali mabatire a lead-acid ndi mabatire a lithiamu. Kaya ndi batire ya lead-acid kapena batire ya lithiamu, chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa pakukonza ndi kukonza. Chikwama chamagetsi chikakhala chopanda ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, chiyenera kuyikidwa chaji ndi kusamalidwa nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti batireyo iikidwe chaji kamodzi pa masiku 14 aliwonse, chifukwa ngakhale sichigwiritsidwe ntchito, batireyo imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pang'onopang'ono.

Poyerekeza mabatire awiriwa, anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti mabatire a lead-acid ndi otsika poyerekeza ndi mabatire a lithiamu. Kodi mabatire a lithiamu ndi abwino bwanji? Loyamba ndi lopepuka, ndipo lachiwiri limakhala ndi moyo wautali. Makonzedwe ambiri a mipando yamagetsi yopepuka ndi mabatire a lithiamu, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokweranso.

Mphamvu yamagetsi ya njinga yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imakhala 24v, ndipo mphamvu ya batri ndi AH. Pansi pa mphamvu yomweyo, batri ya lithiamu ndi yabwino kuposa batri ya lead-acid. Komabe, mabatire ambiri a lithiamu m'nyumba amakhala pafupifupi 10AH, ndipo mabatire ena a 6AH amakwaniritsa muyezo wokwera ndege, pomwe mabatire ambiri a lead-acid amayamba pa 20AH, ndipo pali 35AH, 55AH, 100AH, ndi zina zotero, kotero pankhani ya moyo wa batri, mabatire a lead-acid Ndi amphamvu kuposa mabatire a lithiamu.

Batire ya 20AH lead-acid imatenga pafupifupi makilomita 20, batire ya 35AH lead-acid imatenga pafupifupi makilomita 30, ndipo batire ya 50AH lead-acid imatenga pafupifupi makilomita 40.

Mabatire a lithiamu pakadali pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabasiketi amagetsi onyamulika, ndipo ndi otsika poyerekeza ndi mabatire okhala ndi lead-acid pankhani ya moyo wa batri. Mtengo wosinthira mabatire kumapeto kwake ndi wokwera kuposa wa mabatire okhala ndi lead-acid.

5. Dongosolo la braking limagawidwa m'magulu awiri: electromagnetic braking ndi resistance braking

Kuti tidziwe ubwino wa mabuleki, tikhoza kuyesa kutulutsidwa kwa chowongolera pamalo otsetsereka kuti tiwone ngati chingatsetsereke ndikumva kutalika kwa mtunda wa braking buffer. Mtunda waufupi wa braking ndi wosavuta komanso wotetezeka.

Buleki yamagetsi ingagwiritsenso ntchito buleki yamagetsi pamene batire yatha, zomwe zimakhala zotetezeka kwambiri.

6. Msuti wakumbuyo wa mpando wa olumala

Pakadali pano, opanga ambiri ali ndi ma pedi akumbuyo okhala ndi zigawo ziwiri, omwe amatha kupuma mosavuta

kusalala kwa nsalu, kupsinjika kwa nsalu, tsatanetsatane wa mawaya, kusalala kwa luso la ntchito, ndi zina zotero. Mukayang'anitsitsa, mupeza mpata.